Oscillating engine.



J. L. FILLING.

OSOILLATING ENGINE. v APPLIOATION mum JAN. 23, 1908.

Patented Dec. 1,1908.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

6 rI- im 5 3 w I Z "lllllllnnnulllllllll" II In I I llllll: 110 l lllllll [ll/II J. 'L. PILLI-NG. OSGILLATING ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JA N. 23, 1908.

Patented Dec. 1,1908,

2 sums-sum 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES LOWE FILLING, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'IO J. L. FILLING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

OSCILLATING ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES Lown PILLING, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oscillating Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the twin type of engines constituting the subject matter of my former Letters Patent No. 787,692 of April 18, 1905, and has for its object to provide a simple and eflicient construction of parts whereby the reversal of the direction of the motive fluid to the twin cylinders is attained in a simultaneous and effective manner, and which at the-same time provides a free exhaust for the motive fluid with an entire avoidance of the usual freezing and clogging up of the exhaust ports and passages when compressed air is used as the'motive fluid.

In the accompanying drawings illustrative of the present invention: Figure 1 is a detail longitudinal section on line ww, Fig. 2. Fig.

2 is a sectional elevation on line a2w, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line m 00 Fig. 2. Fig. t is a detail elevation of the ported end of the movable member of the reversing valve. Fig. 5 is a detail transverse section of the same intermediate its length. Fig. 6, is a detail elevation of the ported end of the stationary member of the reversing valve. Fig. 7 is adetail section on line Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail side elevation of one of the engine cylinders showing the ported valve face of the same.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a closed housing within which are arranged the twin motor cylinders, and their accessories, as usual in the present type of en gines, and to such end said housing is formed with the usual integral head 2 at one end and with the usual separable head 3 at the other end. In such construction the separable head 3 provides the housing for the reversing valve by which the direction of the motive fluid to the twin motor cylinders is governed and reversed, and will involve a detail formation of parts as follows I is a longitudinal passage formed in the housing head 3 and communicating at each end with one pair of seat ports 6 and 7 of the respective or local engine valves, while at its middle said passage 4 is in communication with an individual passage 10 of the reversing valve hereinafter described.

5 is a companion longitudinal passage formed in said head 3, and communicating at each end with the other pair of seat ports 8 and 9 of said engine valves, while at its middle said passage 1 is in communication with an individual passage 11 of the reversing valve above referred to.

12 is a cylindrical bore or cavity formed transversely in the housing head 3, intermediate of the aforesaid passages I and 5, and adapted to receive a stationary bushing which constitutes the stationary member of the reversing valve above referred to. Such bore communicates with the aforesaid pas sages 10 and 11, and also with individual passages 13 and 14 which in turn are in connection with the inlet and exhaust necks l5 and 16 for the motive fluid, and as shown in Figs. 2 and 7.

17, is the stationary valve member or bushing above referred to, secured in the aforesaid bore 12, and provided with a mar ginal flange 18 at its outer end which fits an outer enlarged portion of the bore 12 to insure the proper position of said bushing in the housing head 3 aforesaid. Said bushing constitutes the stationary member of the manually actuated controlling and reversing valve of the engine, and to this end is formed with a closed inner head 19 and with an outer head 20 formed with four equidistantly spaced ports 21, 22, 23 and 2 1, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 6.

25 is a corresponding number of longitudinal radial partitions dividing the interior of the bushing 17 into four passages which constitute individual connecting channels between the four ports 21, 22, 23 and 24; just described, and the before described passages 10, 11, 12 and 13 through openings in the peripheral wall of said bushing, as illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 7.

26 is the movable member of the reversing valve aforesaid, and which in the present construction is of a cylindrical form adapted to fit and have turning movement in the before described outer enlargement of the bore 12, and with the inner end of said valve member 26 in contact with the outer ported end or head of the stationary valve member 17 as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.' Such movable valve member is formed with an inner ported head, the ports 27, 28, Y29 and 30 of Which correspond and are adapted to register with the ports 21, 22, 23 and 24 of the stationary valve member before described.

31 is a central longitudinal partition dividing the interior of the movable valve member 26 into a pair of chambers, one of which is a motive fluid induction chamber and the other a motive fluid eduction chamber, and with such chambers individual to pairs 27, 29, and 28, 30, of the before described ports, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 5.

32 is an open or spider head arranged at the outer end of the aforesaid bore 12 to provide a bearing for the operating stem 33 of the movable valve member 26, and such stem is formed with a non-circular outer end for the reception of a suitable operating handle or crank.

With the construction of controlling and reversing valve, so far described, and which constitutes the subject matter of my prior application for Letters Patent Serial Number 872,007, filed May 6, 1907, some difficulty has been met with in the proper operation of the engine in cold climates and with compressed air used as the motive fluid, in that the restricted outlet for the exhaust air caused a freezing and clogging up of the exhaust passages by the moisture contained in said air, so much so as to render the engine inoperative at times. Vith a view to avoid such difficulty, the present improvement is adapted to afford a very free exhaust for the air after it has performed its duty in the motor cylinders, and to this end an improved construction of parts as follows is provided 34 is a peripheral passage formed in the movable valve member 26, and adapted to connect the motive fluid eduction chamber of said valve member with a branch passage 35 extending to and discharging into the main exhaust passage 16.

36 is a passage formed in the top or outer web of the valve member 26 and adapted to connect the motive fluid eduction chamber of said valve member with the atmosphere through the opening in the open or spider head 32 aforesaid.

By means of such construction supplementary exhausts are provided for the free escape of the motive fluid, and so that freezing and clogging up of the passages during a rapid operation of the engine is entirely prevented.

The operation of the controlling and re-' versing valve above described is as follows: With a partial rotation of the movable valve member 26 in one direction, its ports 28 and 30 are in register with the ports '22 and 24 of the stationary valve member 17, and motive fluid from the inlet neck 15 seems is introduced through said ports into the passage 5 extending to the motor cylinders, at the same time the companion ports 27 and '29 of the movable valve member 26 are in register with the companion ports 21 and 23 of the stationary valve member 17, to connect the passage 4 with the exhaust neck 16. As so connected the engines are operative in one direction, say to the right. With a partial rotation of the movable valve member 26 in an opposite direction to that above described, the ports 28 and 30 of the movable valve member 26 are brought in register with the ports 23 and 22, and the stationary valve member 17 and motivefluid from the inlet neck 15 is introduced through said ports into the passage 4; at the same time the ports 27 and 29 of the movable valve member are in register with the ports 24 and 21 of the stationary valve member to connect the passage 5 with the exhaust neck 16. As so connected the engines are operative in the other direction say to the left. Simultaneously with the register of the passages 4 or 5 with the exhaust to the atmosphere in manner above stated, said passages are additionally opened to the at- -mosphere through passages 34, and 36 before described. WVith the movable valve member 26 turned so that its ports 21, 22, 23 and 24 are out of register with the ports 27, 28, 29 and 30 of the stationary valve member 17, motive fluid is cut-off from the engine cylinders, and the engine is at rest.

37 is a central guide stem on the movable valve member 26, and has bearing in an axial bore of the stationary valve member 17. The inner end of said stem is screw threaded for the reception of an abutment nut 38, as shown.

39 is a'spring interposed between the inner end of the stationary valve member 17 and the abutment nut 38 and adapted to yieldingly hold the movable valve member to its seat.

40 are counterpart oscillating engine cylinders provided with the usual trunnions 41 and 42 by means of which they have oscillation in suitable bearings formed therefor in the end heads 2 and 8 of the engine housing as usual. Such cylinders are provided with the usual pistons and piston rods connected in common to the crank pin of the engine shaft 43.

44 is the usual circular seat on the side of each cylinder, and through which the opposed ports 45 and 46 open. Such ports communicate with the respective ends of a cylinder and are adapted to alternately register with one pair or the other of the b fore described seat ports 6, 7, 8 and 9 in the normal operation of the engine and in inanner usual thereto.

. In the preferred arrangement of the parts above described, the seats carrying the seat ports 6, 7 8 and 9 are formed by removable bushings 17 fitting recesses in the removable head 3 of the engine housing, and having sleeve portions 48 to form bearing for the trunnions 41 aforesaid, and as shown. in Fig. 1. lVith such construction great accuracy in the manufacture of the parts is economically attained, and a worn bushing can be readily and cheaply removed and replaced as required.

In the present construction the trunnion 42 at the side of each engine cylinder opposite to the aforesaid circular seat aetis arranged loosely in an enlarged cavity formed therefor in the housing head 2, as shown in Fig. 3, and is provided with an axial bore in which a correspondingly formed stem on the piston hereinafter described is adapted to engage, in a manner which permits of a ready disengagement of parts in repairing or overhauling the engine.

a9 is a piston chamber formed in the housing head 2 in axial alinement with the trunnion 4:1 aforesaid.

50 is a piston moving in said piston chamber and having a stem or extension 51 adapted to engage in the axial bore aforesaid of the trunnion 42, as shown.

52 is a pipe or conductor extending from a motive fluid inlet portion of the engine, preferably the inlet neck 15, to the piston chamber 49 above described, and adapted to introduce therein a motive fluid pressure in excess of that exerted in an opposite direction through the series of ports 6, 7, 8 and 9, to thus maintain the circular seat 4 1 of each engine cylinder in proper contact with the valve seat on the engine housing, and with a minimum amount of friction and wear, and regardless of fluctuations in the pressure of the motive fluid supplied to the engine.

Having thus fully described my said invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A controlling and reversing valve for oscillating engines of the twin cylinder type cmnprising in combination, a main valve housing forming a part of an end head of the engine housing and formed with a pair of individual passages ending in valve ports arranged concentric to the axis on which the engine cylinders oscillate, such housing having radial partitions to provide four passages in individual communication with the aforesaid pair of individual passages and with the inlet and outlet passages for the motive fluid, the outer ends of the four passages having a separated relation to constitute the ported face of the reversing valve, a movable valve member seated over said passages and radially divided to form an induction and an eduction chamber in said member and provided with ports at one end adapted to register with the four passages aforesaid, the eduction chamber of said movable valve member having a pcripheral passage, the stationary valve member having a branch passage adapted to connect said peripheral passage with the main outlet passage of the valve housing, and means for imparting a turning movement to said movable valve member, substantially as set forth.'

2'. A controlling and reversing valve for oscillating engines of the twin cylinder type comprising in combination, a main valve housing forming a part of an end head of the engine housing and formed with a pair of individual passages ending in valve ports arranged concentric to the axis on which the engine cylinders oscillate, such housing having radial partitions to provide four passages in individual communication with the aforesaid pair of individual passages and with the inlet and outlet passages for the motive fluid, the outer ends of the four passages having a separated relation to constitute the ported face of the reversing valve, a movable valve member seated over said passages and radially divided to form an induction and an eduction chamber in said member and provided with ports at one end adapted to register with the four passages aforesaid, the eduction chamber of said movable valve member having an opening through its outer head communicating with the atmosphere, and means for imparting a turning movement to said movable valve member, substantially as set forth.

3. A controlling and reversing valve for oscillating engines of the twin cylinder type comprising in combination, a. main valve housing forming a part of an end head of the engine housing and formed with a pair of individual passages ending in valve ports arranged concentric to the axis on which the engine cylinders oscillate, such housing having radial partitions to provide four passages in individual communication with the aforesaid pair of individual passages and with the inlet and outlet passages for the motive fluid, the outer ends of the four passages having a separated relation to constitute the ported face oft-he reversing valve, a movable valve member seated over said passages and radially divided to form an induction and an eduction chamber in said member and provided with ports at one end adapted to register with the four passages aforesaid, the eduction chamber of said movable member having an opening through its outer head communicating with the atmos phere and a peripheral passage, the stationary valve member having a branch passage adapted to connect said peripheral passage with the main outlet passage of the valve housing, and means for imparting a turning movement to said movable valve member, substantially as set forth.

4. .A controlling and reversing valve for oscillating engines of the twin cylinder type comprising in combination, a main valve housing forming a part of an end head of the engine housing and formed With a pair of individual passages ending in valve ports arranged concentric to the axis on which the engine cylinders oscillate and with a central bore with which said pair of passages communicate, a stationary valve member arranged in said bore and partitioned radially to form four passages in individual communication with the aforesaid pair of individual passages and with the inlet and outlet passages for the motive fluid, the outer end of the stationary valve member having four ports in separated relation and communicating with said four passages, a movable valve member seated on the outer face of the stationary valve member and radially divided to form an induction and an eduction chamber in said movable valve member and provided with ports at one end adapted to. register with the four passages aforesaid, the eduction chamber of said movable valve member having a peripheral passage,

the stationary valve member and housing having a branch passage adapted to connect said peripheral passage wlth the main outlet passage of the valve housing, and.

means for imparting a turning movement to said movable valve member, substantially as set forth. a

5. A controlling and reversing valve for oscillating engines of the twin cylinder type comprising in combination, a main valve housing forming a part of an end head of the engine housing and formed with a pair of individual passages ending in valve ports arranged concentric to the axis on which the engine cylinders oscillate and with a central bore with which said pair of passages communicate, a stationary valve member arranged in said bore and partitioned radially to formfour passages in individual communication with the aforesaid pair of individual passages and with the inlet and outlet passages for the motive fluid, the outer endof the stationary valve member having four ports in separated relation and communicating with said four passages, a movable valve member seated on the outer seams face of the stationary valve member and radially divided to form an induction and an eduction chamber in sa1d movable valve member and provided with ports at one end adapted to register with the four passages aforesaid, the eduction chamber of said movable valve member having an opening through its outer head communicating with the atmosphere, and means for imparting a turning movement to said movable valve member, substantially as set forth.

6. A controlling and reversing valve for oscillating engines of the twin cylinder type comprising in combination, a main valve housing forming a part of an end head of the engine housing and formed with a pair of individual passages ending in valve ports arranged concentric to the axis on which the engine cylinders oscillate and with a central bore with which said pair of passages c ommuni cate a stationary valve member arranged 111 said bore and partitioned radially to form four passages in individual communication with the aforesaid pair of individual passages and with the inlet and outlet passages for the motive fluid, the outer end of the stationary valve member having four ports in separated relation and communicating with said four passages, a movable valve member seated on the outer face of the stationary valve member and radially divided to form an induction and an eduction chamber in said movable valve member and provided with ports at one end adapted to register with the four passages aforesaid, the eduction chamber of said movable valve member having an opening through its outer head communicating with the atmosphere and a peripheral passage, the stationary valve member having a branch passage adapted to connect said peripheral passage with the main outlet passage of the valve housing, and means for imparting a turning movement to said movable valve member. substantially as set forth.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 17th day of January 1908.

JAMES LOWE FILLING.

Witnesses ROBERT BURNS, HENRY Mon. 

